ABSTRACT Global advances in reproductive biotechnology have allowed for the transfer of embryos from donor females with high genetic merit to recipients using the cryopreservation technique, which preserves an embryo of excellent quality and viability, thereby achieving a feasible pregnancy rate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and viability of Holstein embryos that have been cryopreserved for more than 40 years under glycerol freezing. The embryos were transferred to the recipient heifers using a non-surgical method. Two 17-month-old Holstein heifers (360 kg live weights) which were clinically healthy and reproductively active were used as the recipients. Two bovine embryos of Grade 1 quality were thawed and evaluated for their morphology. Of the two embryo transfers, one pregnancy was achieved, resulting in the birth of a calf. Therefore, embryos frozen in liquid nitrogen and glycerol as a cryopreservative for more than 40 years maintained their quality and viability to produce a live calf.

RESUMO Os avanços globais em biotecnologia reprodutiva permitiram a transferência de embriões de fêmeas doadoras com alto mérito genético para receptoras, usando-se a técnica de criopreservação, que preserva um embrião de excelente qualidade e viabilidade, alcançando, assim, uma taxa de gravidez viável. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade e a viabilidade de embriões Holstein, criopreservados por mais de 40 anos, sob congelamento de glicerol. Os embriões foram transferidos para as novilhas receptoras, usando-se um método não cirúrgico. Duas novilhas Holstein de 17 meses de idade (360kg de peso vivo), que eram clinicamente saudáveis e reprodutivamente ativas, foram utilizadas como receptoras. Dois embriões bovinos de qualidade Grau 1 foram descongelados e avaliados quanto à sua morfologia. Das duas transferências embrionárias, uma gravidez foi obtida, resultando no nascimento de um bezerro. Portanto, os embriões congelados em nitrogênio líquido e glicerol como criopreservante por mais de 40 anos mantiveram sua qualidade e viabilidade para produzir um bezerro vivo.

Abstract This paper presents the domain modeling of a technical framework of sharing and interaction of an electronic medical record among different healthcare institutions, both public or private, as a first step to establish a technical reference framework for the interoperability of electronic medical record systems in Mexico. The artefact that make up the domain model were carried out using the KMOS-RE systematic process. Through this process, the following components have been obtained: the knowledge domain extended lexicon, the conceptual models, one for the application domain and another for the solution domain, as well as the state models. Since the design and implementation of the electronic medical record systems of different healthcare institutions are generated independently, having a technical reference framework represents a great challenge but also a great opportunity, since it will offer important advantages, such as having the clinical information in a timely manner in any healthcare institution, the possibility of the patient accessing their own information and the ease of conducting clinical research from the shared data. Even when a domain modeling is a dynamic task, having a precise domain model at this point will facilitate the next steps to achieve the proposed technical reference framework.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación es la modelación del dominio de un marco técnico de compartición e interacción de un expediente clínico electrónico (ECE) entre diversas instituciones de salud, públicas o privadas, como primer paso para lograr un marco técnico de refererencia para la interoperabilidad de sistemas de ECE en México. Se ha utilizado el proceso sistemático KMOS-RE para obterner los diversos artefactos que conforman el modelo: el léxico extendido del conocimiento del domino, los modelos conceptuales del dominio de aplicación y del dominio de la solución y los modelos de estados. Debido a que el diseño e implementación de los sistemas de ECE de cada una de las instituciones de salud se generan de manera independiente, realizar un marco técnico de referencia representa un gran desafío y una gran oportunidad, ya que ofrecerá ventajas importantes, como el hecho de contar con la información clínica de manera oportuna en cualquier institución de salud, la posibilidad de que el propio paciente acceda a su información y la facilidad de realizar investigación clínica a partir de los datos compartidos. Aún cuando la modelación de un dominio es dinámica, el contar con un modelo del dominio lo más preciso posible en este punto, facilitará los siguientes pasos para lograr el marco técnico de referencia propuesto.

The fracture and stress analysis in the bore of cannon 3 "/50 caliber with internal pressure (95 MPa) and two type of cracks using the fault criteria of linearly elastic fracture mechanics are presented. In all the cases we demonstrated that these criteria could be applied. Geometric models in 2-D and 3-D were proposed considering the rifled bore with finite element method (FEM) and commercial software. The presence of cracks in the model 2-D registered a significant increase of the 68.35% in Von Mises stress, but without exceed the yield stress steel ASTM A723. We find stress intensity factors (SIFs) in the cracks of the geometric models and we made a study of the plastic zone. The geometric models proposed of bore cannon reduce time of computation and are of easy execution for the obtaining of an acceptable approach of stress and the SIF that cause internal cracks to it.

En este trabajo se presentan los análisis de esfuerzos y de fractura en el ánima de un cañón de 3''/50 calibre, sometido a presión interna de 95 MPa y con dos tipos de grietas utilizando los criterios de falla de la mecánica de la fractura linealmente elástica. En todos los casos se demostró que se podían aplicar estos criterios. Para el estudio se proponen modelos geométricos en 2-D y 3-D, considerando el rayado interno del ánima, mediante el método de elemento finito (MEF) y con la ayuda de un software comercial. La presencia de grietas en el modelo 2-D, registró un incremento significativo del 68.35% en los esfuerzos de Von Mises, pero sin superar el esfuerzo de fluencia del acero ASTM A723. Se determinaron los factores de intensidad de esfuerzos (FIEs) en las grietas de los modelos geométricos y se realizó un estudio de la zona plástica. Los modelos geométricos propuestos del ánima de un cañón reducen el tiempo de cómputo y son de fácil ejecución para la obtención de una aproximación aceptable de los esfuerzos y el FIE que le ocasionan grietas internas.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a medical emergency which entails a multisistemic affectation almost always. Twenty cases of ALF have been reviewed in a teaching hospital with active liver transplantation programme. A high percentage of patients with alcohol abuse was observed although these patients did not have previously known hepatic damage. Although microbiological, toxicological and anatomopatological studies were performed in all cases, an important difficulty for establishing the etiologic agent was observed. We observed a worse prognosis in those patients older than 40, those with grade IV encephalophaty and those that did not undergo a liver transplantation. Most patients needed UCI attention and more than half died.

El fallo hepático agudo (FHA) es una urgencia médica que conlleva casi siempre una afectación multisistémica. Se han revisado de forma retrospectiva 20 casos de FHA en un hospital universitario con programa de transplante hepático. Observamos un alto porcentaje de enfermos con una ingesta etílica excesiva, aunque sin hepatopatía previa conocida. Apreciamos una manifiesta dificultad para establecer el agente etiológico del proceso a pesar de la realización de estudios microbiológicos, toxicológicos y anatomopatológicos en todos los casos. Constatamos un peor pronóstico de los enfermos mayores de 40 años, los pacientes con encefalopatía grado IV y los no sometidos a transplante hepático. La mayoría de los enfermos precisó atención en UCI y más de la mitad fallecieron.